-after British Wars > Popular Revolution (1827-9), this becomes a very common way of political organization

-formed by Daniel O'Connell after Heads of British Isles > 1834-1837 Samuel Whitbread (Radical) collapse

-and Heads of British Isles > 1837-1839 Lord John Russell (Moderate Whig - Huskissonite Tory coalition) † supporting coercion acts only intensifies this

-this results in assembly of the Association in protest of these laws

-issue resolutions against them

-assassination of Russell results in its collapse

-Lives of Great Britons > Robert Owen organizes a series of Labour Bazaars after Recessions > Panic of 1835

-he is trying to organize a new labour movement after his initial attempt collapsed

-after assassination of Heads of British Isles > 1837-1839 Lord John Russell (Moderate Whig - Huskissonite Tory coalition) † he tries very hard to reconstitute movement despite it being discredited

-in 1840-2 slowly organizes it

-this leads to a series of Mechanics' Associations, Brotherhoods, other unions being made

-Owen viewed for his critique of modern economy as leader

-in 1842 Owen decides to finally organize this into a single convention

-strictly a peaceful affair, and his supporter William Lovett is part of this

-the Convention endorses the Mechanic's Charter, consisting of

-universal male suffrage

-annual elections

-secret ballot

-labour notes printed by nationally-owned banks, collectively-organized labour bazaars, and labour exchanges created

-organization of labor into a series of guilds run by mechanic's councils

-where each mechanic is an independent producer paid for all labor worked by notes

-these guilds are organized by sector, to promote efficiency

-and additionally constitution of hospice societies to distribute aid

-this becomes the guiding document of the Ideology > Associationism movement